1

Paul Bunyan

Image: Abby Savage

Paul Bunyan , the colossal lumberjack of American folklore, is said to have cleared forests from the Northeast to the Pacific Northwest. With his blue ox, Babe , he performed incredible feats of strength, like carving out the Grand Canyon just by dragging his axe behind him, and creating the Great Lakes with his footprints.

Originating in oral traditions among lumberjacks, Bunyan’s exaggerated exploits gained momentum with the American westward expansion during the 19th century and soon became deeply ingrained in the popular imagination.

2

Johnny Appleseed

Image: Aarón Blanco Tejedor

Born John Chapman, Johnny Appleseed wandered the American frontier planting apple trees and spreading goodwill in the early 19th century. A devout Christian, he became a folk hero for his kindness, environmentalism, and pioneering spirit.

Contrary to the popular image of Johnny Appleseed randomly scattering apple seeds, he was a skilled nurseryman who meticulously planted apple tree nurseries. Each nursery was carefully fenced to shield the saplings from livestock and wildlife. After establishing these nurseries, he entrusted them to neighbors but revisited them periodically.

3

Pecos Bill

Image: JosephHershMedia

Pecos Bill , a fictional cowboy raised by coyotes in the wilds of Texas, became a larger-than-life figure known for taming cyclones and roping tornadoes. His adventures, first popularized in the early 20th century, embody the frontier spirit and Texas mythology, blending humor with tales of rugged individualism.

Among his many tales, one credits him with creating the Gulf of Mexico . According to legend, during a severe drought in Texas, Pecos Bill lassoed a storm cloud in California and brought it to Texas. The resulting deluge caused extensive flooding, ultimately forming the Gulf.

4

Davy Crockett

Image: Joseph Corl

Davy Crockett , known as the "King of the Wild Frontier," was a real-life frontiersman later turned politician whose exploits were mythologized even during his lifetime. Born in East Tennessee, he quickly gained fame for his sharp hunting skills and captivating storytelling.

During his time in the U.S. Congress, he staunchly opposed many of President Andrew Jackson’s policies, particularly the Indian Removal Act, and championed the rights of small landowners. Crockett’s life ended with valor at the Battle of the Alamo , solidifying his folk legend as a symbol of courage and patriotism. His legacy remains an enduring part of American history.

5

Calamity Jane

Image: Vidar Nordli-Mathisen

Martha Jane Canary, better known by her alias Calamity Jane, was a frontierswoman and scout famed for her sharpshooting skills and daredevil exploits. During her youth, she stepped up to provide for her large family, taking on various jobs, from ox team driver to scout for Fort Russell. Eventually, she embraced the rough and adventurous lifestyle that made her a legend.

Despite her fearsome reputation, Calamity Jane was compassionate and often helped those in need. Her adventures in the Wild West alongside figures like Wild Bill Hickok cemented her status as a legend of the American frontier.

6

Molly Pitcher

Image: Garry T

Molly Pitcher, the nickname given to Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley, became famous for her bravery during the American Revolutionary War. Although several historical figures are known by this moniker for similar deeds, Mary Ludwig Hays distinguished herself during the Battle of Monmouth in June 1778, where she served as a water carrier for the soldiers.

When her husband, an artilleryman in the Continental Army, fell to enemy fire, she took his place, swabbing and loading the cannon with such bravery and determination that she earned a commendation from George Washington.

7

Daniel Boone

Image: Scott Longerbeam

Daniel Boone was a legendary frontiersman and explorer who blazed trails through the Appalachian Mountains and into Kentucky. Born in 1734, Boone became famous for his expert hunting and survival skills, as well as his role in establishing the Wilderness Road, a trail that facilitated westward migration through the Cumberland Gap.

After serving as a militia officer during the Revolutionary War, he was briefly taken in by the Shawnees in the Northeastern Woodlands. After a few years, he returned and continued to help protect the Kentucky settlements.

8

Buffalo Bill

Image: Judy Beth Morris

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody was a legendary figure of the American West, known for his Wild West shows that toured the United States and Europe. Born in 1846, Cody was a skilled buffalo hunter, Army scout, and showman who brought cowboy skills and frontier life to audiences worldwide.

He earned his nickname after the Civil War by providing Kansas Pacific Railroad workers with buffalo meat, hunting record numbers of the animal. He even engaged in hunting competitions with his partner, Bill Comstock. His legendary figure has been frequently portrayed in film and television, especially during the height of the Western genre in the 1960s.

9

Wild Bill Hickok

Image: Pablò

James Butler Hickok, famously known as Wild Bill Hickok, was a legendary figure of the American Old West. Born in 1837, Hickok gained fame as a skilled marksman, gambler, and lawman.

Though his exploits were certainly exaggerated by the outlandish tales he told about himself, he was involved in several notorious gunfights during his life. Most notably, he dueled with Davis Tutt, a local gambler with whom he had various disagreements, particularly over their mutual affection for the same woman.

10

John Henry

Image: Lucio Patone

John Henry was a legendary steel-driving man whose man-against-machine tale epitomized the strength and resilience of the American worker. An African American freedman, his dangerous job involved hammering steel drills into rocks to create holes for explosives used to blast open railroad tunnels.

According to the legend, John Henry's prowess was tested in a race against a steam-powered drill. He won the race but tragically died after victory, hammer in hand when his heart gave out from the immense physical stress.

1

Huckleberry Finn

Image: Pedro Forester Da Silva

Mark Twain has given us some of the most iconic characters in our country's literature, and Huckleberry Finn is one of them.

He stole our hearts as the main character of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), where his experiences and charm made him unforgettable. Adventurous, independent, rebellious (rightly so), and very smart, "Huck," as he is called in the novel, surprises us with reflections and critiques on the society of his time.

Huck not only escapes an abusive home but also makes an incredible journey down the Mississippi River in search of freedom. Along the way, he forms deep connections with those he meets, making it impossible not to feel attached to him.

2

Atticus Finch

Image: Scott Graham

When discussing classics of American literature, it is impossible not to include in the list the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) by Harper Lee.

And if there's one thing this novel has to offer, it's some unforgettable characters. At the center of it all is none other than Atticus Finch. Atticus is described as an honorable lawyer with a profound commitment to justice and equality, serving as a moral beacon in a society defined by its lack of both. He always stands up for his principles , even when they go against the dominant norms.

One of his most iconic lines in the novel is a phrase that defines him very well: "The one thing that doesn't abide by majority rule is a person's conscience."

3

Holden Caulfield

Image: Hiroyoshi Urushima

J.D. Salinger's novel The Catcher in the Rye (1951) is undoubtedly a landmark of American literature. And one name that has stayed with us forever is Holden Caulfield, the novel's unforgettable protagonist.

With his characteristic red hat , Holden Caulfield is the definitive teenager: rebellious, curious, somewhat cynical , selfish, and mischievous. As he roams New York City after being expelled from several prep schools, we are witnesses of his intense and often smartly critical thoughts and experiences. However, despite his disillusionment with the world, Holden demonstrates a deep sensitivity .

4

Jay Gatsby

Image: Hardini Lestari

Published almost 100 years ago, F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby (1925) has become one of our classics , portraying life during the Roaring Twenties and inspiring many film adaptations. Jay Gatsby, with his ambition, idealism, and charisma, gets all the attention in this novel as an enigmatic character who is proof of the majesty of its author.

Much like Dante's Beatrice, the character of Daisy Buchanan inspires in Jay Gatsby an almost obsessive love that drives him to make key decisions and take powerful actions throughout the novel. It is this passion that fuels his rise to wealth and eventually leads to his downfall.

5

Tom Sawyer

Image: Lawrence Chismorie

Endlessly reproduced in other art forms, Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is one of the most representative characters of American literature.

The first and most famous book featuring the Missouri boy is, of course, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), but we also see him in the sequel named after his friend, a character we have already talked about: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884).

Despite his mischievous nature and penchant for getting into trouble with his tricks and pranks, Tom is a clever and independent boy who constantly seeks out new adventures.

6

Scarlett O'Hara

Image: Lizelle De Wit

Gone with the Wind (1936) by Margaret Mitchell is a title everyone has heard of, whether you've read the book or not. Its characters have also become famous beyond the pages of this iconic novel.

One of them is none other than Scarlett O'Hara, the central character of this story. The novel portrays the American South during and after the Civil War , where Scarlett O'Hara, shaped by her circumstances, appears as a self-centered and spoiled character. However, as the story progresses, Scarlett evolves, showcasing her tenacity , determination, and protective spirit when she sets her mind to something. You probably remember the iconic line, "Tomorrow is another day."

7

Dean Moriarty

Image: Rémi Jacquaint

A fundamental member of the so-called Beat Generation , Jack Kerouac gifted us with one of the most famous novels in American literature: On the Road , published in 1957.

One of his most remembered characters is Dean Moriarty, who was based on a real person , Neal Cassady, a close friend of the author. Moriarty embodies some of the most outstanding characteristics of the Beat Generation, portraying an enthusiastic, adventurous, free-spirited, energetic, and charismatic character. With such a personality, it's no surprise that Dean Moriarty creates unforgettable moments and becomes an important figure in the story.

8

Hester Prynne

Image: Chris LaBarge

Hester Prynne, from Nathaniel Hawthorne's acclaimed novel The Scarlet Letter (1850), is undeniably one of the earliest and most significant female characters in our country's literature.

Hester defies the norms of her time by having an illegitimate child, making her a target of dramatic criticism and punishment from her contemporaries. Set in 17th-century Puritan Massachusetts, the story unfolds in a society defined by strict rules and oppression. In this context, Hester Prynne appears as a strong woman who endures the severe judgment of her time with courage.

Despite her harsh circumstances, Hester Prynne is described as a powerful, dignified, and empathetic character with extraordinary sensitivity.

9

Santiago

Image: Anastasiya Chervinska

Another undisputed classic is Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea , published in 1952.

Santiago is the central character in this novel, which explores various aspects of the human condition in depth. Santiago, the old man of the title, is a fisherman who has gone many days without catching a single fish. Faced with diverse challenges and, above all, his own physical limitations , Santiago is described as a strong character of great constancy , dignity, and resilience who has a strong bond with the sea and its mysteries.

The character's perseverance shines through in his battle with the giant marlin , which stands as one of the most important moments in this story.

10

Ishmael

Image: Richard Sagredo

Continuing our journey along the sea, let's talk about one of the most iconic narrators in American literature: Ishmael. His name is perpetuated in the very first line of Herman Melville's great novel, Moby-Dick (1851). Who could forget the iconic opening: "Call me Ishmael" ?

Ishmael serves as the first-person narrator of one of the most memorable tales in literature, a sailor distinguished by his profound, analytical, and reflective personality.

Though he shares few details about his background or appearance, Ishmael masterfully narrates the events aboard Captain Ahab's whaling ship , giving us a unique perspective on the events.

1

Daiquiri

Is it possible that our favorite vacation cocktail was originally a "medicine"? Back in 1898, an American mining engineer named Jennings Cox was working in the village of Daiquiri, Cuba. He mixed local rum, lime, and sugar to keep his workers refreshed and to ward off yellow fever.

This drink migrated to the States, becoming popular during the 1940s and 1950s, and a favorite of Ernest Hemingway and President John F. Kennedy . While Hemingway famously drank daiquiris in Havana, JFK later helped make the cocktail fashionable in American political circles. Rum brands like Bacardi and Captain Morgan helped make the cocktail a summer favorite, and the original recipe started to vary among bars and vacation spots.

2

Hamburger

Did you know one famous hamburger origin story points to a small town in New York? According to the Menches family legend, brothers Frank and Charles Menches were selling pork sausage sandwiches at the 1885 Erie County Fair in Hamburg, New York, when they ran out of pork . A local butcher suggested ground beef instead. The brothers reportedly seasoned the beef with coffee, brown sugar, and other ingredients, then served it between bread with ketchup and sliced onions. The sandwich was said to be a hit, so they named it the "hamburger" after the town where the fair was held.

3

German Chocolate Cake

Don’t let the name fool you into thinking this recipe comes from overseas. This dessert was actually born in Dallas in 1957 when Mrs. George Clay sent the recipe to the local newspaper, the Dallas Morning News . The German part actually comes from Sam German, the man who developed the dark baking chocolate for Baker’s Chocolates Company back in the 1850s.

This cake quickly became a sensation at birthdays and other celebrations thanks to its coconut-pecan frosting. The confection eventually inspired similar cupcakes, brownies, and even an ice cream flavor.

4

Philly Cheesesteak

One of Philadelphia’s most famous foods started almost by accident. In 1930, Pat Olivieri was running a hot dog stand in South Philly when he decided to grill some chopped beef and place it inside an Italian roll for himself. A taxi driver nearby smelled it, asked for one too, and legend follows that the word spread quickly around the city .

Shortly after, melted cheese became part of the recipe —usually Cheez Whiz, provolone, or American cheese. Today, locals debate whether the best version is sold at Pat's King of Steaks or Geno's Steaks.

5

Hot Dog

Just like the hot dog itself has two main ingredients, its origin story also comes in two parts. Some people say the sausage came from Frankfurt, Germany, while others believe the wieners of Vienna, Austria, inspired it. Frankfurt even celebrated the sausage’s 500th anniversary in 1897 to strengthen its claim.

But how did the hot dog become an American favorite? Before the 1850s, people in New York usually ate frankfurters between two slices of bread. Around that time, Austrian baker Ignatz Frischman arrived near Coney Island, and he noticed how much the crowds loved the sandwiches. After opening his bakery, he created a long, soft roll made especially for the sausages, and street vendors quickly started using them .

6

S'mores

The first known recipe for the summertime classic appeared in a 1927 Girl Scout handbook, where campers were taught to roast marshmallows over a fire and sandwich them between graham crackers and chocolate.

Companies like Hershey's, Jet-Puffed, and Honey Maid helped turn s’mores into a must for campfire treats, and now, they can be made in ovens or microwaves with peanut butter or flavored chocolate.

7

Corn Dog

A hot dog dipped in cornmeal batter, placed on a stick, and deep-fried until golden brown. That is how a classic corn dog is made. During the late 1920s, one Minnesota family sold their version of the corn dog at the Oregon local fairs under the name "Pronto Pup" because they disliked the term "corn dog." Even so, "corn dog" became the most recognized name, especially after state fairs in Texas and the Midwest helped popularize it throughout the country.

They are staples at carnivals, baseball games, and amusement parks, and are usually adorned with mustard or ketchup . Also, newer versions use spicy sausages, cheese-filled batter, or mini bite-sized pieces for easy snacking.

8

Lobster Roll

One early story places its birth in a Connecticut restaurant during the 1920s, where warm lobster soaked in butter was served inside a toasted roll. Years later, Maine helped popularize a different version with cold lobster mixed with mayonnaise, and the debate between the two styles continues.

By the 1970s, lobster rolls had turned into a symbol of seaside vacations across the Northeast. People have them at seafood shacks, harbor towns, and summer festivals. Famous spots like Red's Eats became famous for lobster meat rolls, while others, such as Luke's Lobster, helped introduce the sandwich to the rest of the country.

9

Reuben Sandwich

The Reuben Sandwich has been part of a food debate for nearly a century. One version takes us to the 1920s, Omaha, Nebraska, where grocer Reuben Kulakofsky asked for a special sandwich during late-night poker games at a hotel . The other one says a New York deli owner was already serving something very similar around the same time.

No matter the truth, the sandwich was already appearing on menus by the 1930s with its mix of corned beef, Swiss cheese, sauerkraut, and Russian dressing on rye bread. It is a classic choice at American diners and Jewish-style delis.

10

Piña Colada

It first appeared in 1954 at the Caribe Hilton. Bartender "Monchito" Marrero, after trying different recipes, finally arrived at the rum, coconut, pineapple juice fusion we enjoy today.

Coco López and Malibu, both liquor brands, helped turn the drink into an easy, homemade one, enabling more flavors like strawberry, mango, or even banana. Also, as Caribbean vacations and cruise trips became popular during the second half of the 20th century, the piña colada started showing up at beach bars and resorts all over the country.