Culture Culture 4 min read

FOLK HEROES

Tales From The Heartland: 10 Larger-Than-Life American Folk Figures

Image: Tim Mossholder

Nations make their heroes as embodiments of their shared values. Woven into their tales of might and their bold adventures are valuable lessons that are passed down through the ages. American legends are no exception, and these larger-than-life characters have captivated our imaginations for generations. From colossal lumberjacks to legendary steel-driving men, join us to explore the fascinating tales behind 10 of America’s most enduring folk heroes.

1
Paul Bunyan

Image: Abby Savage

Paul Bunyan , the colossal lumberjack of American folklore, is said to have cleared forests from the Northeast to the Pacific Northwest. With his blue ox, Babe , he performed incredible feats of strength, like carving out the Grand Canyon just by dragging his axe behind him, and creating the Great Lakes with his footprints.

Originating in oral traditions among lumberjacks, Bunyan’s exaggerated exploits gained momentum with the American westward expansion during the 19th century and soon became deeply ingrained in the popular imagination.

2
Johnny Appleseed

Image: Aarón Blanco Tejedor

Born John Chapman, Johnny Appleseed wandered the American frontier planting apple trees and spreading goodwill in the early 19th century. A devout Christian, he became a folk hero for his kindness, environmentalism, and pioneering spirit.

Contrary to the popular image of Johnny Appleseed randomly scattering apple seeds, he was a skilled nurseryman who meticulously planted apple tree nurseries. Each nursery was carefully fenced to shield the saplings from livestock and wildlife. After establishing these nurseries, he entrusted them to neighbors but revisited them periodically.

3
Pecos Bill

Image: JosephHershMedia

Pecos Bill , a fictional cowboy raised by coyotes in the wilds of Texas, became a larger-than-life figure known for taming cyclones and roping tornadoes. His adventures, first popularized in the early 20th century, embody the frontier spirit and Texas mythology, blending humor with tales of rugged individualism.

Among his many tales, one credits him with creating the Gulf of Mexico . According to legend, during a severe drought in Texas, Pecos Bill lassoed a storm cloud in California and brought it to Texas. The resulting deluge caused extensive flooding, ultimately forming the Gulf.

4
Davy Crockett

Image: Joseph Corl

Davy Crockett , known as the "King of the Wild Frontier," was a real-life frontiersman later turned politician whose exploits were mythologized even during his lifetime. Born in East Tennessee, he quickly gained fame for his sharp hunting skills and captivating storytelling.

During his time in the U.S. Congress, he staunchly opposed many of President Andrew Jackson’s policies, particularly the Indian Removal Act, and championed the rights of small landowners. Crockett’s life ended with valor at the Battle of the Alamo , solidifying his folk legend as a symbol of courage and patriotism. His legacy remains an enduring part of American history.

5
Calamity Jane

Image: Vidar Nordli-Mathisen

Martha Jane Canary, better known by her alias Calamity Jane, was a frontierswoman and scout famed for her sharpshooting skills and daredevil exploits. During her youth, she stepped up to provide for her large family, taking on various jobs, from ox team driver to scout for Fort Russell. Eventually, she embraced the rough and adventurous lifestyle that made her a legend.

Despite her fearsome reputation, Calamity Jane was compassionate and often helped those in need. Her adventures in the Wild West alongside figures like Wild Bill Hickok cemented her status as a legend of the American frontier.

6
Molly Pitcher

Image: Garry T

Molly Pitcher, the nickname given to Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley, became famous for her bravery during the American Revolutionary War. Although several historical figures are known by this moniker for similar deeds, Mary Ludwig Hays distinguished herself during the Battle of Monmouth in June 1778, where she served as a water carrier for the soldiers.

When her husband, an artilleryman in the Continental Army, fell to enemy fire, she took his place, swabbing and loading the cannon with such bravery and determination that she earned a commendation from George Washington.

7
Daniel Boone

Image: Scott Longerbeam

Daniel Boone was a legendary frontiersman and explorer who blazed trails through the Appalachian Mountains and into Kentucky. Born in 1734, Boone became famous for his expert hunting and survival skills, as well as his role in establishing the Wilderness Road, a trail that facilitated westward migration through the Cumberland Gap.

After serving as a militia officer during the Revolutionary War, he was briefly taken in by the Shawnees in the Northeastern Woodlands. After a few years, he returned and continued to help protect the Kentucky settlements.

8
Buffalo Bill

Image: Judy Beth Morris

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody was a legendary figure of the American West, known for his Wild West shows that toured the United States and Europe. Born in 1846, Cody was a skilled buffalo hunter, Army scout, and showman who brought cowboy skills and frontier life to audiences worldwide.

He earned his nickname after the Civil War by providing Kansas Pacific Railroad workers with buffalo meat, hunting record numbers of the animal. He even engaged in hunting competitions with his partner, Bill Comstock. His legendary figure has been frequently portrayed in film and television, especially during the height of the Western genre in the 1960s.

9
Wild Bill Hickok

Image: Pablò

James Butler Hickok, famously known as Wild Bill Hickok, was a legendary figure of the American Old West. Born in 1837, Hickok gained fame as a skilled marksman, gambler, and lawman.

Though his exploits were certainly exaggerated by the outlandish tales he told about himself, he was involved in several notorious gunfights during his life. Most notably, he dueled with Davis Tutt, a local gambler with whom he had various disagreements, particularly over their mutual affection for the same woman.

10
John Henry

Image: Lucio Patone

John Henry was a legendary steel-driving man whose man-against-machine tale epitomized the strength and resilience of the American worker. An African American freedman, his dangerous job involved hammering steel drills into rocks to create holes for explosives used to blast open railroad tunnels.

According to the legend, John Henry's prowess was tested in a race against a steam-powered drill. He won the race but tragically died after victory, hammer in hand when his heart gave out from the immense physical stress.

General General 6 min read

These 10 impressive world records are held by Americans

Image: Gentrit Sylejmani

There’s a hopeful belief that everyone in the world is the best at something . From completing the most hopscotch games in 24 hours to crossing the country in a wheelchair, from shining on the courts of Wimbledon to doing it in outer space, these stories make us fantasize about pushing our own limits and finding out what we are capable of. We’ve assembled a list of just a few American icons who have shown us the extremes. Read on to discover some surprising tidbits about the stories of triumph from these admirable record-holders .

1
Highest vehicle mileage

Image: Max Andrey

Over 3 million miles in a Volvo bought in 1966. The registered number is 3,039,122 miles , to be precise. Irvin Gordon , from Brooklyn, New York City, broke the record in 2013 somewhere around Girdwood, a town near Anchorage, Alaska. The Guinness World Records indicate that his car’s mileage is the equivalent of 120 circumnavigations of the planet.

Gordon kept driving his car even after breaking the world record, so by the time he passed away in 2018, he’d reached 3,260,257 miles. And that wasn’t his only car, either–he had another car that Volvo gifted him after achieving one million miles on his first. Gordon sold that one after driving 450,000 miles on it.

2
Woman to win the most Grand Slam Singles

Image: Todd Trapani

Serena Williams won 23 Grand Slam singles titles in the Open Era, marking over two decades of establishing herself as one of the best tennis players in history. Keep in mind that she was pregnant with her daughter, Alexis Olympia, when she won her 23rd title at the 2017 Australian Open. It was her sister, Venus Williams, whom she defeated in that final.

The athlete from Compton, California retired in 2022 after awing the world with an outstanding career. She won over 73 individual tournaments in her life, earning numerous world-class distinctions. For example, she is also the only person in history to have won career Golden Slams (the four Grand Slams plus an Olympic Gold Medal) both in singles and doubles tournaments.

3
Most Olympic Gold Medals won

Image: Guduru Ajay bhargav

No other Olympian athlete has been more decorated than legendary swimmer Michael Phelps . He retired in 2016 after an incredible career of breaking speed records and competing against the world’s best swimmers. Some consider "the Baltimore Bullet " one of the greatest athletes of all time. Spanning from the 2004 Athens Olympics to the 2016 Rio Olympics, Phelps earned 28 medals, 23 of which were gold.

Funnily enough, "The Flying Fish" also holds a record in a completely unrelated sport: golf . He enjoys the sport in his free time, and before retiring from swimming, he implied that he might consider taking it up professionally. His odds aren’t bad: In 2012, he set the record for the longest televised putt in history (159 feet).

4
Oldest woman to fly in space

Image: Pixabay

For 23 years, this title had been held by astronaut John Glenn, who had returned to space at age 77 aboard NASA’s Space Shuttle Discovery. But Wally Funk made history in 2021 when she embarked on a rocket from Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin company. She was 82 .

Funk had passed NASA’s rigorous astronaut training program for women, known as "Mercury 13," back in the ’60s and went on to lead an outstanding career as an American aviator following the program’s cancellation. Blue Origin’s New Shepard spacecraft took her on a suborbital flight, fulfilling her long-awaited dream. For a few months only, she was the oldest person to have flown in space, until Canadian William Shatner did it too—he was 90 years old.

5
Most prolific record-breaker

Image: absteress

In 1979, Ashrita Furman, from Brooklyn, New York, set out on an odd quest: to break as many world records as he possibly could. In doing so, he also earned the Guinness World Record for the most world records set by a single individual. As of today, he has broken around 700, with 200 still standing.

Some of the eccentric challenges in which he left his mark included pushing an orange with his nose for a mile and playing 434 hopscotch games in 24 hours. Why, though? Furman explained that his motivation relies on a desire for self-transcendence , and his philosophy that the mind can achieve anything it sets itself to. A strange coincidence: Furman was born exactly four days after the first Guinness Book of World Records was published.

6
Longest number counted aloud

Image: Skitterphoto

In 2007, it occurred to Jeremy Harper that he could film himself counting out loud from the number one to one million . So he did. It’s difficult to grasp the immensity of this feat until you learn that it took him 89 days. He spent 16 hours a day counting, without leaving his home, and viewers could stream live video of him counting.

You can watch the recording online of him pronouncing the final numbers and celebrating by doing a chicken dance . Through this feat, Harper, from Birmingham, Alabama, raised over $10,000 for his chosen charity, Push America, and was inscribed in the Guinness Book of World Records.

7
Best-selling musical album in history

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In the early ‘80s, Michael Jackson set out to create an album where "every song was a killer," and he did not miss his mark. Thriller became the best-selling album of all time, with over 70 million copies sold worldwide. The nine-track album featured a star-studded lineup, including Paul McCartney, the first artist ever to be featured on a Michael Jackson album.

Quincy Jones was the producer of this record and had a relentless pursuit of perfection. Some of the songs, like "Billie Jean," had to be recorded over 30 times before the artists were satisfied. At the 1984 Grammy Awards, the album won a record-breaking eight awards in a single night. Santana’s Supernatural surpassed that record by winning nine awards in 1999.

8
Female Entertainer with the Longest TV Career

Image: Anna Tarazevich

The beloved Sue Ann from The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Rose from The Golden Girls were just a few of the iconic characters that Betty White gifted us. Betty White made her television debut in 1939 and remained active for over 80 years, giving her the longest career of any female television entertainer.

Apart from that, she was the first woman to produce a sitcom when the series Life with Elizabeth premiered in 1953, a show in which she also starred. Here’s another record Betty White broke: in 2010, after a Facebook campaign requested she host Saturday Night Live , she became the oldest person ever to do so, at the age of 88.

9
Crossing the U.S. in a wheelchair

Image: Marcus Aurelius

Matt Eddy crossed the country in his motorized wheelchair , starting in Lynn Beach, Massachusetts, and ending in Long Beach, California. No one had ever done this before. A survivor of a muscular dystrophy disease, Eddy, from Boston, controlled his chair with just two fingers.

The feat took him 126 days, that is, four months. He rode for five hours a day, sometimes enduring extreme desert temperatures that affected the functioning of his chair. Though this incredible journey was inscribed as an official record in 2010, Eddy had already done it before. Only two years prior, in 2008, he had successfully completed a first run of what he called the " Journey of a Million Smiles ."

10
Most surfers on a single surfboard

Image: Juan Samudio

On the first day of summer in 2015, 66 people hopped onto a super-scaled surfboard and rode one wave together at Huntington Beach, California. The massive orange board measured 42 feet long and 11 feet wide and had to be towed into the sea. They chose this beach to make history because of its 100-year-long love affair with surfing.

Thousands of spectators watched from the beach and the pier as the surfers rode the wave to shore, where it was immediately proclaimed an official Guinness World Record. They had surpassed the achievement of 47 surfers who had ridden on the same board in Queensland, Australia in 2005.

History History 5 min read

Which President spoke Mandarin? 10 presidential past lives

Image: Donghun Shin

It’s easy to assume that the path to the highest office is paved exclusively with Ivy League diplomas, elite military careers, and political connections. However, the early lives of American presidents proved to be far grittier and more eclectic. From elite athletic combat to teenage summer gigs, these ten unexpected jobs held by U.S. presidents before entering politics show that the road to the White House can start in some truly surprising places.

1
Abraham Lincoln

Image: Maarten Brakkee

Long before he preserved the Union or delivered the Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln was renowned across Illinois as a fearsome wrestler. Standing at 6’4", Lincoln had immense leverage and strength cultivated from years of clearing timber.

In the early 1830s, he competed in roughly 300 matches and was defeated only once. His most famous fight happened in New Salem, Illinois, against Jack Armstrong, the leader of a local gang known as the Clary’s Grove Boys. Lincoln soundly defeated Armstrong, earning the lifelong respect of the community. He was even inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as an "Outstanding American".

2
Herbert Hoover

Image: See page for author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Herbert Hoover’s pre-political life was defined by his career as a world-traveling mining engineer. In the late 1890s, Hoover took a job with the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company, moving to China.

To effectively manage the local operations and navigate the complex social landscape, Hoover and his wife, Lou Henry, learned to speak Mandarin. They became so fluent that decades later, the President and First Lady would speak Mandarin to one another whenever they wanted to have a private conversation in front of White House staff or guests.

3
Andrew Jackson

Image: Jengod, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

Andrew Jackson’s early life was marked by extreme hardship. By the age of fourteen, he had lost his entire immediate family to the Revolutionary War, making him an orphan.

In the early 1780s, a teenage Jackson moved to Salisbury, North Carolina, to survive. There, he apprenticed under a local master craftsman to learn the trade of saddle making. The intense manual labor provided him with a practical trade before he eventually taught himself the law and began his ascent into Tennessee politics.

4
Jimmy Carter

Image: National Archives and Records Administration, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Jimmy Carter’s identity is intertwined with his background as a peanut farmer, but this wasn’t just a casual hobby. After serving as a naval officer, Carter returned to Plains, Georgia, following the death of his father in 1953, to take over the family’s struggling farm.

Faced with severe debts and a local drought, Carter worked the land alongside his laborers. He used his background in engineering to modernize the operation, transitioning it from a basic farm into a successful, tech-forward agribusiness.

5
Ronald Reagan

Before he was an actor, governor, or president, a teenage Ronald Reagan spent his summers working as a lifeguard at Lowell Park on the Rock River in Dixon, Illinois. Over the course of seven summers, beginning in 1927, Reagan is credited with saving a staggering 77 lives from the river’s treacherous undercurrents. Reagan took immense pride in this job, famously carving a notch into a nearby log for every single swimmer he successfully pulled from the water.

6
Lyndon B. Johnson

Image: Yoichi Okamoto, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Lyndon B. Johnson was a man driven by ambition, but his youth was spent working a variety of low-wage odd jobs across the American West. After dropping out of school and running away to California in 1924, a young LBJ found himself completely broke.

Among other trades, he took a job as an elevator operator at a hotel in San Bernardino. Standing inside a cramped wooden box for hours on end, opening doors for affluent travelers, gave the future architect of the "Great Society" an up-close look at class distinctions and human behavior.

7
Warren G. Harding

Image: National Photo Company Collection, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Warren G. Harding began his professional career with a profound love for ink and typesetting. In 1884, at just 19 years old, Harding used his meager resources to purchase a failing, defunct local newspaper called the Marion Daily Star in Ohio.

Harding acted as a reporter, ad salesman, and press operator. Under his leadership, the paper grew into a highly profitable business, shaping his communicative style and providing him with the perfect media megaphone to launch his political career.

8
Calvin Coolidge

Image: National Photo Company, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Calvin Coolidge was famous for his quiet and incredibly reserved demeanor, earning him the nickname "Silent Cal". It is entirely fitting, then, that one of his earliest jobs during his youth was crafting doll carriages at a toy manufacturing company in Ludlow, Vermont, in the late 1880s. Coolidge treated the position with the same meticulous, serious dedication that he would later bring to the governance of the nation.

9
Barack Obama

Image: Exchanges Photos, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

Long before he was dealing with global diplomacy or economic crises, a teenage Barack Obama landed his very first job at a Baskin-Robbins franchise in Honolulu, Hawaii.

In the summer of 1978, Obama spent his days scooping ice cream, a task he later recalled as being far harder on the wrists than people realize. He noted that the job taught him responsibility, hard work, and balancing a job with friends, family, and school. It also had a permanent effect on his palate: he famously admitted that he completely lost his appetite for ice cream for years.

10
Thomas Jefferson

Image: Rembrandt Peale, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Thomas Jefferson was the ultimate Renaissance man, but few realize he holds a legitimate title as one of America's first true archaeologists. In 1784, intrigued by the numerous Native American burial mounds scattered across Virginia, Jefferson decided to investigate one located near his Monticello estate.

Instead of simply digging for artifacts, Jefferson applied a rigorous, scientific method that was decades ahead of its time. He dug trenches to observe the various layers of earth and carefully documented the positioning of human remains. His systematic approach earned him recognition from modern historians as a pioneer of American archaeological science.

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